Umnotho ohlanzekile uzovela nezimoto zikagesi, amandla omoya namandla elanga, kanye nokugcinwa kwebhethri okuthuthukisiwe.Isithako esibalulekile ekugcinweni kwamandla yithusi ngenxa yekhono layo eliyingqayizivele lokuqhuba ukushisa nokuqhuba ugesi.Umnotho ohlanzekile, okhishwe yi-decarbonized akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwethusi elengeziwe.
Isibonelo, imoto kagesi isebenzisa isilinganiso samakhilogremu angu-200. Iphaneli yelanga eyodwa iqukethe amathani angu-5.5 ethusi nge-megawatt ngayinye.Amapulazi omoya ayayidinga, kanjalo nokudluliswa kwamandla.
Kodwa izinsiza zethusi zomhlaba zamanje kanye ezicatshangelwayo azanele ukushayela uguquko kumandla ahlanzekile.I-US manje inesishoda esikhulu sethusi futhi ingumthengi ongenayo.Ikusasa lamandla ahlanzekile linomgoqo wamaminerali.
Ukushoda sekudale ukuthi amanani ethusi aphindeke kabili eminyakeni emibili edlule, futhi isidingo sizokhula ngo-50% kule minyaka engamashumi amabili ezayo.Izintengo ezikhuphukayo zikhuphule izindleko zokushintsha kwamandla ahlanzekile-okuyenza ingakwazi ukuncintisana namalahle kanye igesi yemvelo.
UGoldman wabiza lesi simo ngokuthi “inkinga yamangqamuzana” futhi waphetha ngokuthi umnotho wamandla ahlanzekile “wawungeke wenzeke” ngaphandle kwethusi elengeziwe.
Ngo-1910, ingxenye yesine yabasebenzi base-Arizona baqashwa embonini yezimayini, kodwa ngeminyaka yawo-1980 lelo nani lase lehlile futhi imboni yadonsa kanzima. Manje iTongzhou isibuyile.
Ngenkathi abadlali asebekhulile beqhubeka nokukhiqiza ithusi ezindaweni zendabuko ezifana ne-Clifton-Morenci ne-Hayden, ukuhlola kwethusi okusha kuyenzeka ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu nokuncane.
Imayini enkulu yokuxazulula ehlongozwayo endaweni yangaphambili yemayini ye-Magma ngaphandle kwe-Superior izohlangabezana nama-25% esidingo sase-US.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, abakhiqizi bathuthukisa amadiphozithi amancane abengakaze aphumelele kwezomnotho kuze kube manje.Lokhu kufaka phakathi iBell, Carlotta, Florence, Arizona Sonoran kanye ne-Excelsior.
“Unxantathu wethusi” ocebile phakathi kwezifunda zase-Superior, Clifton kanye ne-Cochise sewumbiwe amashumi eminyaka futhi unomsebenzi kanye nengqalasizinda ebonakalayo yokumba futhi ithumele ithusi ezindaweni zokuncibilikisa nezimakethe.
I-Copper deposits iyinzuzo yendawo yezomnotho yase-Arizona, efana nezolimo eMidwest kanye nezikhumulo zemikhumbi zamazwe ngamazwe ukuya ogwini.
Ikhopha entsha izodala izinkulungwane zemisebenzi emihle yokwesekwa kwemindeni ezindaweni zasemakhaya ezidonsa kanzima e-Arizona, izokwandisa imali yentela yase-Arizona ngezigidigidi, futhi inikeze ukuthekelisa okuqinile kwamanye amazwe ukuze kuqhubekisele phambili ukukhula komnotho wethu.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinkinga ezimbalwa okufanele zixazululwe njengoba siqhubeka. Izinkampani zethusi kufanele zibonise ukutholakala kwamanzi avikelekile, ukuphathwa okunomthwalo wemfanelo kwezinsalela futhi kufanele zilindele "kuba luhlaza" ngezimoto zikagesi kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha bokubanjwa kwekhabhoni.
Ukwengeza, kumele bakhombise izindinganiso eziphakeme zokubonisana nemiphakathi eseduze nalabo abanamagugu akudala abakhona emhlabeni.
Njengommeli wamalungelo emvelo kanye namalungelo abantu, ngiphikisana nentuthuko eminingi yethusi.Ngaphandle kwezilingo zezomnotho, akuzona zonke imayini yethusi okufanele zembiwe.Kufanele yenziwe izinkampani ezinomthwalo wemfanelo ezindaweni ezifanele kanye nezindinganiso ezifanele.
Kodwa futhi ngikholelwa ngokujulile ekuguqukeleni emnothweni okhishwe yikhabhoni ukuze kusindiswe iplanethi.Isidingo samandla ahlanzekile ethusi sizokwenzeka noma ngabe i-Arizona iyayikhiqiza noma cha.
I-China, umkhiqizi omkhulu wethusi elimbiwa futhi elicwengisisiwe, igijima ukuze ivale isikhala.Kungokufanayo nakwamanye amazwe angalandeli imigomo yezemisebenzi yase-US, amalungelo abantu, noma izindinganiso zemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizozifunda nini izifundo zomlando?Ukuthembela kweMelika kuwoyela waseMpumalanga Ephakathi kusiholela empini.Namuhla ukuthembela kweYurophu kwigesi yaseRussia kunciphisa ithonya layo phezu kwe-Ukraine.Okulandelayo ukuncika kumaminerali abalulekile?
Labo ngokuvamile abaphikisana nokuthuthukiswa kwemayini yethusi yonke indawo kuyilapho bekhuthaza ikusasa lamandla ahlanzekile bavumela abadlali ababi - abaphula umthetho wezemvelo nabahlukumeza amalungelo abantu - ukugcwalisa isikhala emakethe.Futhi badale ubuthakathaka baseMelika.
Singakwazi yini ukuphonsa iso elilodwa emandleni ahlanzekile sibe singaliboni leli qiniso elibi?Noma sikulungele ukuyeka omakhalekhukhwini, amakhompyutha, umoya kanye nelanga?
Umnotho wase-Arizona wekhulu lama-20 wawune-5 "Cs" yokuqala, kodwa umnotho wase-Arizona wekhulu lama-21 uhlanganisa ama-computer chips namandla ahlanzekile.Ukuzivumela kudinga ithusi elisha.
U-Fred DuVal ungusihlalo we-Excelsior Mining, ilungu lebhodi lase-Arizona, owake waba yilungu lesigungu futhi owayeyisikhulu esiphezulu se-White House. Uyilungu le-Arizona Republic Contribution Committee.